jb language wiki

User Tools

Site Tools

Trace:
taiwanese

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

Both sides previous revision Previous revision
Next revision 		Previous revision
Last revision Both sides next revision
taiwanese [2012/09/16 01:29]
monkeypuzzle [Vocabulary] 		taiwanese [2012/09/19 20:57]
monkeypuzzle [Numbers]
Line 98: Line 98:
 | Ta̍k-ke hó      | 逐家好  | (To a group of people) Hello  | <fs x-small>Despite the resemblance, **ta̍k-ke** is not related to the Mandarin 大家. The final k in **ta̍k** gives it out -- 大 doesn't end in a consonant in any dialect.</fs> | | Ta̍k-ke hó      | 逐家好  | (To a group of people) Hello  | <fs x-small>Despite the resemblance, **ta̍k-ke** is not related to the Mandarin 大家. The final k in **ta̍k** gives it out -- 大 doesn't end in a consonant in any dialect.</fs> |
 | Chia̍h-pá%%--%%bōe  | 吃飽未？ | //A common greeting//         | <fs x-small>Literally "have you eaten?", but actually a greeting, so don't think you are being invited to eat!</fs>  | | Chia̍h-pá%%--%%bōe  | 吃飽未？ | //A common greeting//         | <fs x-small>Literally "have you eaten?", but actually a greeting, so don't think you are being invited to eat!</fs>  |
 +| Gâu-chá!   | Gâu-早！    | Good morning                         |   |
 +| To-siā   | 多謝    | Thank you                         |   |
 +| Bē   |     | It's nothing. You're welcome.                         |   |
 +| Pháiⁿ-sè | 歹勢 | I'm sorry |   |
 +| Sit-le̍ | 失禮 | I'm very sorry |   |
 +
 +=== Talking about language ===
 +
 +^     Taiwanese     ^  Characters  ^      English      ^        Notes      ^
 +| Che Tâi-oân-ōe beh án-chóaⁿ kóng? | 這台灣話beh án-chóaⁿ講?  | How do you say this in Taiwanese? |  |
 +| Góa thiaⁿ bô | 我聽無 | I don't understand | |
 +| Chhiáⁿ kóng khah bān leh | 請講較慢leh | Please speak more slowly | |
 +| Chhiáⁿ koh kóng chi̍t-pái | 請koh講一pái | Please say that again | |
 +| Chhiáⁿ siá%%--%%lo̍h-lâi | 請寫落來 | Please write it down | |
  
 ===== Grammar ===== ===== Grammar =====
Line 134: Line 148:
  
 <WRAP indent> <WRAP indent>
-**Che sī toh-á.**+**Che sī toh-á.**\\
 This is a table. This is a table.
  
-**He sī bîn-chhn̂g.**+**He sī bîn-chhn̂g.**\\
 That is a bed. That is a bed.
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
Line 144: Line 158:
  
 <WRAP indent> <WRAP indent>
-**I m̄-sī Tân sian-siⁿ.**+**I m̄-sī Tân sian-siⁿ.**\\
 He isn't Mr. Tân(陳). He isn't Mr. Tân(陳).
  
-**Góa m̄-sī Ji̍t-pún-lâng.**+**Góa m̄-sī Ji̍t-pún-lâng.**\\
 I'm not Japanese. I'm not Japanese.
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
Line 157: Line 171:
 (p. 48 台湾語会話) (p. 48 台湾語会話)
  
 +==== The particle e(兮) ====
 +
 +==== Ability and permission ====
 +
 +Both **ē-sái** and **ē-tàng** mean **being able to**.
 +
 +**ē-sái** expresses that circumstances allow for something, while **ē-tàng** 
 +expresses that authorization exists to do something. Not all speakers do this distinction, though.
 +
 +The negation of these expressions are **bē-sái** and **bē-tàng**.
 +
 +When politely requesting authorization, use **kám ē-sái**.
 +
 +<WRAP indent>
 +**Chia kám ē-sái chia̍h-hun?**\\
 +Can I smoke in here?
 +
 +**Ē-sái**\\
 +Yes, you can.
 +
 +**Bē-sái**\\
 +No, you can't.
 +</WRAP>
 ===== Vocabulary ===== ===== Vocabulary =====
 +
 +=== Terms of address ===
 +
 +^ Taiwanese ^ Characters ^ English ^ Notes ^
 +| Sin-seⁿ/Sian-siⁿ | 先生  | Sir | <fs x-small>Used to call the attention of a man</fs> |
 +| Sió-chiá | 小姐  | Lady | <fs x-small>Used to call the attention of a woman</fs> |
 +| O-jí-sáng |  | Sir  | <fs x-small>Used to address a middle-aged man. From Japanese おじさん.</fs> |
 +| O-bá-sáng/A-sáng |  | Lady  | <fs x-small>Used to address a middle-aged woman. From Japanese おばさん.</fs> |
 +| A-kong | 阿公 | Sir, grandpa | <fs x-small>Used to address an elderly man or your grandfather.</fs> |
 +| A-má | 阿媽 | Lady, grandma | <fs x-small>Used to address an elderly woman or your grandmother.</fs> |
 +| Thâu-ke | 頭家 | Boss, manager, owner of a business |  |
 +| Thâu-ke-niû | 頭家娘 | (Female) boss, manager, owner of a business |  |
 +
 +=== Adjectives ===
 +
 +== Size ==
 +
 +^ Taiwanese ^ Characters ^ English ^
 +| tōa | 大 | big |
 +| tiong | 中 | middle |
 +| sió | 小 | small |
 +| sè | 細 | small, tiny |
  
 === Names of places === === Names of places ===
Line 165: Line 224:
 | Tâi-pak | 台北 | Taipei | | Tâi-pak | 台北 | Taipei |
 | Thô-hn̂g | 桃園 | Taoyuan | | Thô-hn̂g | 桃園 | Taoyuan |
 +| Sin-tek | 新竹 | Hsinchu |
 | Biâu-le̍k | 苗栗 | Miaoli | | Biâu-le̍k | 苗栗 | Miaoli |
 | Tâi-tiong | 台中 | Taichung | | Tâi-tiong | 台中 | Taichung |
 | Lâm-tâu | 南投 | Nantou | | Lâm-tâu | 南投 | Nantou |
 +| Chiong-hòa | 彰化 | Changhua |
 | Hûn-lîm | 雲林 | Yunlin | | Hûn-lîm | 雲林 | Yunlin |
 | Tâi-lâm | 台南 | Tainan | | Tâi-lâm | 台南 | Tainan |
 | Ka-gī | 嘉義 | Chiayi | | Ka-gī | 嘉義 | Chiayi |
 | Ko-hiông | 高雄 | Kaohsiung | | Ko-hiông | 高雄 | Kaohsiung |
 +| Phêⁿ-ô͘ | 澎湖 | Penghu |
 +| Pîn-tong | 屏東 | Pingtung |
 +| Tâi-tang | 台東 | Taitung |
 +| Hoa-lian | 花蓮 | Hualien |
 +| Gî-lân | 宜蘭 | Yilan |
 +
 ===== Numbers ===== ===== Numbers =====
  
-1 chi̍t +==== 1-10 ==== 
-2 nn̄g + 
-3 saⁿ +^ Number ^ Taiwanese ^ 
-4 sì +| 1 | chi̍t | 
-5 gō͘ +| 2 | nn̄g | 
-6 la̍k +| 3 | saⁿ | 
-7 chhit +| 4 | sì | 
-8 poeh +| 5 | gō͘ | 
-9 káu +| 6 | la̍k | 
-10 cha̍p+| 7 | chhit | 
 +| 8 | poeh | 
 +| 9 | káu | 
 +| 10 | cha̍p | 
 + 
 +==== 11-30 ==== 
 + 
 +^ Number ^ Taiwanese ^ 
 +| 11 | cha̍p-it | 
 +| 12 | cha̍p-jī | 
 +| 13 | cha̍p-saⁿ | 
 +| 14 | cha̍p-sì | 
 +| 15 | cha̍p-gō͘ | 
 +| 16 | cha̍p-la̍k | 
 +| 17 | cha̍p-chhit | 
 +| 18 | cha̍p-poeh | 
 +| 19 | cha̍p-káu | 
 +| 20 | jī-cha̍p | 
 +| 21 | jī-cha̍p-it | 
 +| 22 | jī-cha̍p-jī | 
 +| 23 | jī-cha̍p-saⁿ | 
 +| 24 | jī-cha̍p-sì | 
 +| 25 | jī-cha̍p-gō͘ | 
 +| 26 | jī-cha̍p-la̍k | 
 +| 27 | jī-cha̍p-chhit | 
 +| 28 | jī-cha̍p-poeh | 
 +| 29 | jī-cha̍p-káu | 
 +| 30 | saⁿ-cha̍p | 
 + 
 +Notes: notice 11 is **cha̍p-it** even though 1 is **chi̍t**, and 12 is **cha̍p-jī** even though 2 is nn̄g.  
 +Notice, too, that that 20 is **jī-cha̍p** even though 2 is **nn̄g**. 
 + 
 +==== Multiples of ten ==== 
 + 
 +^ Number ^ Taiwanese ^ 
 +| 20 | jī-cha̍p | 
 +| 30 | saⁿ-cha̍p | 
 +| 40 | sì-cha̍p | 
 +| 50 | gō͘-cha̍p | 
 +| 60 | la̍k-cha̍p | 
 +| 70 | chhit-cha̍p | 
 +| 80 | poeh-cha̍p | 
 +| 90 | káu-cha̍p | 
 + 
 +Notes: notice that 20 is **jī-cha̍p** even though 2 is **nn̄g**. Otherwise, all multiples of ten are regular. 
 + 
 +==== Multiples of one hundred ==== 
 + 
 +^ Number ^ Taiwanese ^ 
 +| 100 | chi̍t-pah | 
 +| 200 | nn̄g-pah | 
 +| 300 | saⁿ-pah | 
 +| 400 | sì-pah | 
 +| 500 | gō͘-pah | 
 +| 600 | la̍k-pah | 
 +| 700 | chhit-pah | 
 +| 800 | poeh-pah | 
 +| 900 | káu-pah | 
 + 
 + 
 +==== Multiples of one thousand ==== 
 + 
 +^ Number ^ Taiwanese ^ 
 +| 1000 | chi̍t-chheng | 
 +| 2000 | nn̄g-chheng | 
 +| 3000 | saⁿ-chheng | 
 +| 4000 | sì-chheng | 
 +| 5000 | gō͘-chheng | 
 +| 6000 | la̍k-chheng | 
 +| 7000 | chhit-chheng | 
 +| 8000 | poeh-chheng | 
 +| 9000 | káu-chheng |
  
 ===== Difficulties of learning Taiwanese ===== ===== Difficulties of learning Taiwanese =====
taiwanese.txt · Last modified: 2012/11/03 00:44 by monkeypuzzle

Page Tools

Except where otherwise noted, content on this wiki is licensed under the following license: CC Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International
CC Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International Donate Powered by PHP Valid HTML5 Valid CSS Driven by DokuWiki